Frontiers in Encapsulation Science: Advanced Strategies, Mechanisms, and Multidisciplinary Applications

Authors

  • Assya Aharrar Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Plants Protection, Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
  • Elmahdi Blalouz Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Plants Protection, Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
  • Soufiane Elmegdar Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Plants Protection, Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
  • Oussama Aboulkassim Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Plants Protection, Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
  • Mohammed Hassi Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Plants Protection, Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
  • Najat Abbassi Team of Organic Chemistry and Valorization of Natural Substances (OCVNS), FSA, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
  • Fatima Hamadi Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Plants Protection, Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63095/NBSEH.25.886642

Keywords:

Encapsulation, Nanoparticles, Bioactive compound, Medical application

Abstract

Technological encapsulation has emerged as a crucial technique for optimizing the stability and processing of vulnerable substances in several fields, including medicine and nutritional sciences. This paper examines the various types of encapsulates, including matrix and reservoir, and their applications in food and pharmaceutical technologies. We explore the main chemical processes present in creating microcapsules and encapsulation techniques such as fluid-bed coating and coacervation. This review highlights the significance of encapsulation technologies in enhancing drug delivery systems and the health benefits of functional foods by synthesizing recent research and developments in this field.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abd El-Kader, A., & Abu Hashish, H., 2019, Encapsulation techniques of food bioproduct. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 63(5), 1881-1909. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2019.16269.1993

Andrade, B., Song, Z., Li, J., Zimmerman, S.C., Cheng, J., Moore, J.S., Harris, K., & Katz, J.S., 2015, New Frontiers for Encapsulation in the Chemical Industry. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7, 6359–6368. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b00484

Armendáriz-Barragán, B., Zafar, N., Badri, W., Galindo-Rodríguez, S.A., Kabbaj, D., Fessi, H., Elaissari, A., 2016, Plant extracts: from encapsulation to application. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 13, 1165–1175. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2016.1182487

Arpagaus, C., Collenberg, A., Rütti, D., Assadpour, E., & Jafari, S.M., 2018, Nano spray drying for encapsulation of pharmaceuticals. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 546, 194–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.037

Asbahani, A.E., Miladi, K., Badri, W., Sala, M., Addi, E.H.A., Casabianca, H., Mousadik, A.E., Hartmann, D., Jilale, A., Renaud, F.N.R., & Elaissari, A., 2015, Essential oils: From extraction to encapsulation. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 483, 220–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.069

Ashraf, M.A., Khan, A.M., Ahmad, M., & Sarfraz, M., 2015, Effectiveness of silica-based sol-gel microencapsulation method for odorants and flavors leading to a sustainable environment. Frontiers in Chemistry 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2015.00042

Bamidele, O.P., & Emmambux, M.N., 2021, Encapsulation of bioactive compounds by “extrusion” technologies: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 61, 3100–3118. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1793724

Barrera-Ruiz, D.G., Cuestas-Rosas, G.C., Sánchez-Mariñez, R.I., Álvarez-Ainza, M.L., Moreno-Ibarra, G.M., López-Meneses, A.K., Plascencia-Jatomea, M., & Cortez-Rocha, M.O., 2020, Antibacterial activity of essential oils encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles. Food Science and Technology 40, 568–573. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.34519

Belščak-Cvitanović, A., Stojanović, R., Manojlović, V., Komes, D., Cindrić, I.J., Nedović, V., & Bugarski, B., 2011, Encapsulation of polyphenolic antioxidants from medicinal plant extracts in an alginate–chitosan system enhanced with ascorbic acid by electrostatic extrusion. Food Research International 44, 1094–1101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.030

Bhosale, R., & Singhal, R., 2006, Process optimization for the synthesis of octenyl succinyl derivative of waxy corn and amaranth starches. Carbohydrate Polymers 66, 521–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.04.007

Bilancetti, L., Loisel, C., Depypere, F., Dewettinck, K., Pieters, J.G., & Poncelet, D. (2008). Dry coating process using polysaccharides in a pan coating system. In Proceedings of RELPOWFLO IV (pp. 674–680).

Blocher McTigue, W.C., & Perry, S.L., 2020, Protein encapsulation using complex coacervates: What nature has to teach us. Small 16(27), 1907671. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201907671

Carneiro, H.C.F., Tonon, R.V., Grosso, C.R.F., & Hubinger, M.D., 2013, Encapsulation efficiency and oxidative stability of flaxseed oil microencapsulated by spray drying using different combinations of wall materials. Journal of Food Engineering 115, 443–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.03.033

Casanova, F., & Santos, L., 2016, Encapsulation of cosmetic active ingredients for topical application – a review. Journal of Microencapsulation 33, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3109/02652048.2015.1115900

Celli, G.B., Ghanem, A., & Brooks, M.S.-L., 2015, Bioactive Encapsulated Powders for Functional Foods—a Review of Methods and Current Limitations. Food and Bioprocess Technology 8, 1825–1837. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-015-1559-z

Chan, L. W., Lim, L. T., & Heng, P. W., 2000, Microencapsulation of oils using sodium alginate. Journal of Microencapsulation 17(6), 757–766. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652040050161747

Chandrakasan, G., Rodríguez-Hernández, A.-I., Del Rocío López-Cuellar, Ma., Palma-Rodríguez, H.-M., & Chavarría-Hernández, N., 2019. Bacteriocin encapsulation for food and pharmaceutical applications: advances in the past 20 years. Biotechnology Letters 41, 453–469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-018-02635-5

Cheng, D., Ngo, H.H., Guo, W., Chang, S.W., Nguyen, D.D., Liu, Y., Wei, Q., & Wei, D., 2020, A critical review on antibiotics and hormones in swine wastewater: Water pollution problems and control approaches. Journal of Hazardous Materials 387, 121682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121682

Cortés, R.N.F., Martínez, M.G., Guzmán, I.V., Llano, S.L.A., Grosso, C.R.F., & Bustos, F.M., 2014, Evaluation of Modified Amaranth Starch as Shell Material for Encapsulation of Probiotics. Cereal Chemistry 91, 300–308. https://doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM-06-13-0112-R

Costa, R., & Santos, L., 2017, Delivery systems for cosmetics - From manufacturing to the skin of natural antioxidants. Powder Technology 322, 402–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.086

Crooks, R.M., Zhao, M., Sun, L., Chechik, V., & Yeung, L.K., 2001, Dendrimer-Encapsulated Metal Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications to Catalysis. Accounts of Chemical Research 34, 181–190. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar000110a

Das, K., David, N., Rajabalaya, R., Mukhopadhyay, H., Halder, T., Palanisamy, M., Khanam J., & Nanda, A., 2011, Microencapsulation techniques and its practice. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 6(2), 1-23.

Davidson, P.M., Sofos, J.N., & Branen, A.L., 2005, Antimicrobials in food (Boca Raton: CRC Press).

Dierings De Souza, E.J., Kringel, D.H., Guerra Dias, A.R., & Da Rosa Zavareze, E., 2021, Polysaccharides as wall material for the encapsulation of essential oils by electrospun technique. Carbohydrate Polymers 265, 118068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118068

Donsì, F., Annunziata, M., Sessa, M., & Ferrari, G., 2011, Nanoencapsulation of essential oils to enhance their antimicrobial activity in foods. LWT - Food Science and Technology 44, 1908–1914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2011.03.003

Dragostin, I., Dragostin, O., Pelin, A.-M., Grigore, C., & Lăcrămioara Zamfir, C., 2017, The importance of polymers for encapsulation process and for enhanced cellular functions. Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A 54, 489–493. https://doi.org/10.1080/10601325.2017.1320754

Dykman, L.A., & Khlebtsov, N.G., 2011, Gold Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine: Recent Advances and Prospects. Acta Naturae 3(2), 34–55

Esmaeili, B., Chaouki, J., & Dubois, C., 2012, Nanoparticle encapsulation by a polymer via in situ polymerization in supercritical conditions. Polymer Engineering & Science 52, 637–642. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.22126

Gibbs, F., Kermasha, S., & Inteaz, A.B., 1999, Encapsulation in the food industry: a review. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 50, 213–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/096374899101256

Fangmeier, M., Lehn, D.N., Maciel, M.J., & Volken De Souza, C.F., 2019, Encapsulation of Bioactive Ingredients by Extrusion with Vibrating Technology: Advantages and Challenges. Food and Bioprocess Technology 12, 1472–1486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-019-02326-7

Fathi, M., Martín, Á., & McClements, D.J., 2014, Nanoencapsulation of food ingredients using carbohydrate-based delivery systems. Trends in Food Science & Technology 39, 18–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.06.007

Figueroa-Robles, A., Antunes-Ricardo, M., & Guajardo-Flores, D., 2021. Encapsulation of phenolic compounds with liposomal improvement in the cosmetic industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 593, 120125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120125

Fu, K., Harrell, R., Zinski, K., Um, C., Jaklenec, A., Frazier, J., Lotan, N., Burke, P., Klibanov, A.M., & Langer, R., 2003, A Potential Approach for Decreasing the Burst Effect of Protein from PLGA Microspheres. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 92, 1582–1591. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.10414

Ganceviciene, R., Liakou, A.I., Theodoridis, A., Makrantonaki, E., & Zouboulis, C.C., 2012, Skin anti-aging strategies. Dermato-Endocrinology 4, 308–319. https://doi.org/10.4161/derm.22804

Gao, C., Lyu, F., & Yin, Y., 2021, Encapsulated Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis. Chemical Reviews 121, 834–881. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00237

George, M., & Abraham, T.E., 2006, Polyionic hydrocolloids for the intestinal delivery of protein drugs: Alginate and chitosan — a review. Journal of Controlled Release 114, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.04.017

Granata, G., Stracquadanio, S., Leonardi, M., Napoli, E., Consoli, G.M.L., Cafiso, V., Stefani, S., & Geraci, C., 2018, Essential oils encapsulated in polymer-based nanocapsules as potential candidates for application in food preservation. Food Chemistry 269, 286–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.140

Guilbert, S., Gontard, N., & Cuq, B., 1995, Technology and applications of edible protective films. Packaging Technology and Science 8, 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.2770080607

Gurruchaga, H., Saenz Del Burgo, L., Ciriza, J., Orive, G., Hernández, R.M., & Pedraz, J.L., 2015, Advances in cell encapsulation technology and its application in drug delivery. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 12, 1251–1267. https://doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2015.1001362

Ha, E., Zemel, & M.B., 2003, Functional properties of whey, whey components, and essential amino acids: mechanisms underlying health benefits for active people (review). The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 14, 251–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-2863(03)00030-5

Han, J.H., 2014, Innovations in food packaging, 2nd edition. ed, Food science and technology international series. (Amsterdam: Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier).

Hao, Y., Zheng, W., Sun, Z., Zhang, D., Sui, K., Shen, P., Li, P., & Zhou, Q., 2021, Marine polysaccharide-based composite hydrogels containing fucoidan: Preparation, physicochemical characterization, and biocompatible evaluation. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 183, 1978–1986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.190

Hasan, A.S., Socha, M., Lamprecht, A., Ghazouani, F.E., Sapin, A., Hoffman, M., Maincent, P., Ubrich, N., 2007, Effect of the microencapsulation of nanoparticles on the reduction of burst release. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 344, 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.05.066

Helm, C.W., & States, J.C., 2009, Enhancing the efficacy of cisplatin in ovarian cancer treatment – could arsenic have a role. Journal of Ovarian Research 2, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-2215-2-2

Hernandez, E., 1994, Edible coatings from lipids and resins. Edible Coatings and Films to Improve Food Quality 1, 279–304.

Huang, Y., 1999, A method using biodegradable polylactides/polyethylene glycol for drug release with reduced initial burst. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 182, 93–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00060-5

Ireson, C., Orr, S., & Jones, D.J.L., 2001, Characterization of Metabolites of the Chemopreventive Agent Curcumin in Human and Rat Hepatocytes and in the Rat in Vivo, and Evaluation of Their Ability to Inhibit Phorbol Ester-induced Prostaglandin E2 Production. Cancer Research 61(3), 1058–1064.

Jin, W., & Brennan, J. D., 2002, Properties and applications of proteins encapsulated within sol–gel derived materials. Analytica Chimica Acta 461(1), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(02)00229-5

Jyothi, N.V.N., Prasanna, P.M., Sakarkar, S.N., Prabha, K.S., Ramaiah, P.S., & Srawan, G.Y., 2010, Microencapsulation techniques, factors influencing encapsulation efficiency. Journal of Microencapsulation 27, 187–197. https://doi.org/10.3109/02652040903131301

Khanvilkar, A.M., Ranveer, R.C., & Sahoo, A.K., 2016, Carrier Materials for Encapsulation of Bio-active Components of Food. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research 40(1), 62-73.‏

Khezri, K., Saeedi, M., & Maleki Dizaj, S., 2018, Application of nanoparticles in percutaneous delivery of active ingredients in cosmetic preparations. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 106, 1499–1505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.084

Kim, D.-G., Jeong, Y.-I., Choi, C., Roh, S.-H., Kang, S.-K., Jang, M.-K., & Nah, J.-W., 2006, Retinol-encapsulated low molecular water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 319(1-2), 130-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.03.040

Kim, E.H.-J., Chen, X.D., & Pearce, D., 2009, Surface composition of industrial spray-dried milk powders. 2. Effects of spray drying conditions on the surface composition. Journal of Food Engineering 94, 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2008.10.020

Kim, J.U., Kim, B., Shahbaz, H.M., Lee, S.H., Park, D., & Park, J., 2017, Encapsulation of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus by ionic gelation with electrostatic extrusion for enhancement of survival under simulated gastric conditions and during refrigerated storage. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 52, 519–530. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13308

Kita, K., & Dittrich, C., 2011, Drug delivery vehicles with improved encapsulation efficiency: taking advantage of specific drug–carrier interactions. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 8, 329–342. https://doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2011.553216

Klojdová, I., Milota, T., Smetanová, J., & Stathopoulos, C., 2023, Encapsulation: A Strategy to Deliver Therapeutics and Bioactive Compounds? Pharmaceuticals 16, 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16030362

Kumar, K.P.S., Sk, T., Banu, S., Lakshmi, P.N., & Bhowmik, D., 2013, Microencapsulation technology, 1. Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology 1(3), 324. ‏

Kurozawa, L.E., & Hubinger, M.D., 2017, Hydrophilic food compounds encapsulation by ionic gelation. Current Opinion in Food Science 15, 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2017.06.004

Lages, M., & Nicolas, J., 2023, In situ encapsulation of biologically active ingredients into polymer particles by polymerization in dispersed media. Progress in Polymer Science 137, 101637. ‏

Lee, S.-W., Kim, M.-H., & Kim, C.-K., 1999, Encapsulation of ethanol by spray drying technique: effects of sodium lauryl sulfate. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 187, 193–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00185-4

Macchi, E., Zema, L., Pandey, P., Gazzaniga, A., Felton, L.A., 2016, Influence of temperature and relative humidity conditions on the pan coating of hydroxypropyl cellulose molded capsules. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 100, 47–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.11.021

Madene, A., Jacquot, M., Scher, J., & Desobry, S., 2006, Flavour encapsulation and controlled release – a review. International Journal of Food Science & Technology 41, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.00980.x

Martínez Rivas, C.J., Tarhini, M., Badri, W., Miladi, K., Greige-Gerges, H., & Nazari, Q.A., Galindo Rodríguez, S.A., Román, R.Á., Fessi, H., Elaissari, A., 2017, Nanoprecipitation process: From encapsulation to drug delivery. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 532, 66–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.064

Mendanha, D.V., Molina Ortiz, S.E., Favaro-Trindade, C.S., Mauri, A., Monterrey-Quintero, E.S., & Thomazini, M., 2009, Microencapsulation of casein hydrolysate by complex coacervation with SPI/pectin. Food Research International 42, 1099–1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2009.05.007

Miladi, K., Sfar, S., Fessi, H., & Elaissari, A., 2013, Drug carriers in osteoporosis: Preparation, drug encapsulation and applications. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 445, 181–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.031

Mirzataheria, M., Mahtabanib, A.H., & Lotfalieic, M., 2014. Emulsion Polymerization and Encapsulation of Micro and Nanoparticles within Polymer Droplets. Jordan Journal of Chemistry 9, 229–266. https://doi.org/10.12816/0025977

Mith, H., Duré, R., Delcenserie, V., Zhiri, A., Daube, G., & Clinquart, A., 2014, Antimicrobial activities of commercial essential oils and their components against food‐borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. Food Science & Nutrition 2, 403–416. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.116

Mohammed, N.K., Tan, C.P., Manap, Y.A., Muhialdin, B.J., & Hussin, A.S.M., 2020, Spray Drying for the Encapsulation of Oils—A Review. Molecules 25, 3873. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173873

Mohanraj, V.J., & Chen, Y., 2007, Nanoparticles - A review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 5, 561–573. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v5i1.14634

Mokhtari, S., Jafari, S.M., Khomeiri, M., Maghsoudlou, Y., & Ghorbani, M., 2017, The cell wall compound of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a novel wall material for encapsulation of probiotics. Food Research International 96, 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.014

Montané, X., Bajek, A., Roszkowski, K., Montornés, J.M., Giamberini, M., Roszkowski, S., Kowalczyk, O., Garcia-Valls, R., & Tylkowski, B., 2020, Encapsulation for cancer therapy. Molecules 25, 1605. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071605

Munin, A., & Edwards-Lévy, F., 2011, Encapsulation of natural polyphenolic compounds: a review. Pharmaceutics 3, 793–829. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics3040793

Muñoz-Shugulí, C., Vidal, C.P., Cantero-López, P., & Lopez-Polo, J., 2021, Encapsulation of plant extract compounds using cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, liposomes, electrospinning and their combinations for food purposes. Trends in Food Science & Technology 108, 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.020

Nedovic, V., Kalusevic, A., Manojlovic, V., Levic, S., & Bugarski, B., 2011, An overview of encapsulation technologies for food applications. Procedia Food Science 1, 1806–1815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2011.09.265

Negi, A., & Kesari, K.K., 2022, Chitosan nanoparticle encapsulation of antibacterial essential oils. Micromachines 13, 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13081265

Orive, G., Santos, E., Pedraz, J.L., & Hernández, R.M., 2014, Application of cell encapsulation for controlled delivery of biological therapeutics. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 67–68, 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.009

Oskoueian, E., Karimi, E., Reza, N., Ebrahimi, M., Negin, S., & Karimi, E., 2020, Nanoliposomes encapsulation of enriched phenolic fraction from pistachio hulls and its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic activities. Journal of Microencapsulation 37, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652048.2019.1692941

Otálora, M.C., Carriazo, J.G., Osorio, C., & Nazareno, M.A., 2018, Encapsulation of cactus (Opuntia megacantha) betaxanthins by ionic gelation and spray drying: A comparative study. Food Research International 111, 423–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.058

Ozkan, G., Kostka, T., Esatbeyoglu, T., & Capanoglu, E., 2020, Effects of lipid-based encapsulation on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of phenolic compounds. Molecules 25, 5545. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235545

Panahi, Y., Farshbaf, M., Mohammadhosseini, M., Mirahadi, M., Khalilov, R., Saghfi, S., & Akbarzadeh, A., 2017, Recent advances on liposomal nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 45, 788–799. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1282496

Pena-Rodríguez, E., Moreno, M.C., Blanco-Fernandez, B., González, J., & Fernández-Campos, F., 2020, Epidermal delivery of retinyl palmitate loaded transfersomes: penetration and biodistribution studies. Pharmaceutics 12, 112. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12020112

Rehman, A., Ahmad, T., Aadil, R.M., Spotti, M.J., Bakry, A.M., Khan, I.M., Zhao, L., Riaz, T., & Tong, Q., 2019, Pectin polymers as wall materials for the nano-encapsulation of bioactive compounds. Trends in Food Science & Technology 90, 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.05.015

Ribeiro-Santos, R., Andrade, M., & Sanches-Silva, A., 2017, Application of encapsulated essential oils as antimicrobial agents in food packaging. Current Opinion in Food Science 14, 78–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2017.01.012

Rijo, P., Falé, P.L., Serralheiro, M.L., Simões, M.F., Gomes, A., & Reis, C., 2014, Optimization of medicinal plant extraction methods and their encapsulation through extrusion technology. Measurement 58, 249–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2014.08.045

Risch, S.J., Reineccius, G.A. (Eds), 1995, Encapsulation and Controlled Release of Food Ingredients (Washington, DC: American Chemical Society). https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-1995-0590

Sánchez, L., Sánchez, P., Carmona, M., De Lucas, A., & Rodríguez, J.F., 2008, Influence of operation conditions on the microencapsulation of PCMs by means of suspension-like polymerization. Colloid and Polymer Science 286, 1019–1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-008-1864-4

Shahidi, F., & Han, X., 1993, Encapsulation of food ingredients. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 33, 501–547. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399309527645

Shakoury, N., Aliyari, M.A., Salami, M., Emam-Djomeh, Z., Vardhanabhuti, B., Moosavi-Movahedi, A.A., 2022, Encapsulation of propolis extract in whey protein nanoparticles. LWT-Food Science and Technology 158, 113138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113138

Shishir, M.R.I., Xie, L., Sun, C., Zheng, X., & Chen, W., 2018, Advances in micro and nano-encapsulation of bioactive compounds using biopolymer and lipid-based transporters. Trends in Food Science & Technology 78, 34–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.018

Sivanathan, A., Dou, Q., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Corker, J., Zhou, Y., & Fan, M., 2020, Phase change materials for building construction: An overview of nano-/micro-encapsulation. Nanotechnology Reviews 9, 896–921. https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0067

Song, Y., Fan, J.-B., & Wang, S., 2017, Recent progress in interfacial polymerization. Materials Chemistry Frontiers 1, 1028–1040. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6QM00325G

Stenekes, R.J.H., Loebis, A.E., Fernandes, C.M., Crommelin, D.J.A., & Hennink, W.E., 2000, Controlled Release of Liposomes from Biodegradable Dextran Microspheres: A Novel Delivery Concept. Pharmaceutical Research 17(6), 690–695. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007526114744

Suljagic, J., & Bratovcic, A., 2019, Micro- and nano-encapsulation in food industry. Croatian Journal of Food Science and Technology 11, 113–121. https://doi.org/10.17508/CJFST.2019.11.1.17

Tarhini, M., Greige-Gerges, H., & Elaissari, A., 2017, Protein-based nanoparticles: From preparation to encapsulation of active molecules. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 522, 172–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.067

Teunou, E., & Poncelet, D., 2002, Batch and continuous fluid bed coating – review and state of the art. Journal of Food Engineering 53, 325–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0260-8774(01)00173-X

Timilsena, Y.P., Haque, Md.A., & Adhikari, B., 2020, Encapsulation in the Food Industry: A Brief Historical Overview to Recent Developments. Food and Nutrition Sciences 11, 481–508. https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2020.116035

Trojanowska, A., Nogalska, A., Valls, R.G., Giamberini, M., & Tylkowski, B., 2017, Technological solutions for encapsulation. Physical Sciences Reviews 2. https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2017-0020

Vasir, J., & Labhasetwar, V., 2007, Biodegradable nanoparticles for cytosolic delivery of therapeutics. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 59(8), 718–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2007.06.003

Vidhyalakshmi, R., Bhakyaraj, R., & Subhasree, R.S., 2009, Encapsulation: “The Future of Probiotics”. Advances in Biological Regulation 3(3-4), 96-103.

Vinceković, M., Viskić, M., Jurić, S., Giacometti, J., Bursać Kovačević, D., Putnik, P., Donsì, F., Barba, F.J., & Režek Jambrak, A., 2017, Innovative technologies for encapsulation of Mediterranean plants extracts. Trends in Food Science & Technology 69, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2017.08.001

Vladisavljevic, G., 2015, Encapsulation Techniques. In: Drioli, E., Giorno, L. (Eds), Encyclopedia of Membranes (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer). Pp. 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_880-5

Wandrey, C., Bartkowiak, A., 1 Harding, S.E., 2010, Materials for Encapsulation. In: Zuidam, N.J., Nedovic, V. (Eds.), Encapsulation Technologies for Active Food Ingredients and Food Processing (New York: Springer), pp. 31–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1008-0_3

Wang, X., Ahmed, N., Alvarez, G., Tuttolomondo, M., Helary, C., Desimone, M., & Coradin, T., 2015, Sol-gel Encapsulation of Biomolecules and Cells for Medicinal Applications. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 15(3), 223–244. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026614666141229112734

Wang, Y., Dave, R.N., & Pfeffer, R., 2004, Polymer coating/encapsulation of nanoparticles using a supercritical anti-solvent process. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 28(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-8446(03)00011-1

Weiss, J., Gaysinsky, S., Davidson, M., & McClements, J., 2009, Nanostructured Encapsulation Systems: Food Antimicrobials. In: Barbosa-Cánovas, G., Mortimer, A., Lineback, D., Spiess, W., Buckle, K., Colonna, P. (Eds), Global Issues in Food Science and Technology (San Diego: Academic Press), pp. 425–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374124-0.00024-7

Werner, S.R.L., Jones, J.R., Paterson, A.H.J., Archer, R.H., & Pearce, D.L., 2007, Air-suspension particle coating in the food industry: Part I — state of the art. Powder Technology 171(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2006.08.014

Williams, G.R., Chatterton, N.P., Nazir, T., Yu, D.-G., Zhu, L.-M., & Branford-White, C.J., 2012, Electrospun Nanofibers in Drug Delivery: Recent Developments and Perspectives. Therapeutic Delivery 3(5), 515–533. https://doi.org/10.4155/tde.12.17

Wu, Y., Zou, L., Mao, J., Huang, J., & Liu, S., 2014, Stability and encapsulation efficiency of sulforaphane microencapsulated by spray drying. Carbohydrate Polymers 102, 497–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.11.057

Yallapu, M.M., Gupta, B.K., Jaggi, M., & Chauhan, S.C., 2010, Fabrication of curcumin encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles for improved therapeutic effects in metastatic cancer cells. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 351(1), 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.05.022

Yang, Y., & Burkhard, P., 2012, Encapsulation of gold nanoparticles into self-assembling protein nanoparticles. Journal of Nanobiotechnology 10, 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-3155-10-42

Yeo, Y., Baek, N., & Park, K., 2001, Microencapsulation methods for delivery of protein drugs. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 6(4), 213–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931982

Yeo, Y., & Park, K., 2004, Control of encapsulation efficiency and initial burst in polymeric microparticle systems. Archives of Pharmacal Research 27(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980037

Young, S. L., Sarda, X., & Rosenberg, M., 1993, Microencapsulating properties of whey proteins. 1. Microencapsulation of anhydrous milk fat. Journal of Dairy Science 76(10), 2868–2877. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77625-0

Zhu, Q.-L., & Xu, Q., 2016, Immobilization of ultrafine metal nanoparticles to high-surface-area materials and their catalytic applications. Chemistry 1(2), 220–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2016.07.005

This review focuses on encapsulation technologies and their role in protecting sensitive substances. It highlights two types of encapsulation: reservoir encapsulation and matrix encapsulation, along with key techniques such as fluid bed coating and coacervation. The process aims to optimize chemical reactions to produce stable microcapsules, which are then used in the food and pharmaceutical industries to enhance the efficacy and stability of active ingredients

Downloads

Additional Files

Published

2025-04-30

How to Cite

Aharrar, A., Blalouz, E., Elmegdar, S., Aboulkassim, O., Hassi, M., Abbassi, N., & Hamadi, F. (2025). Frontiers in Encapsulation Science: Advanced Strategies, Mechanisms, and Multidisciplinary Applications. Natural Built Social Environment Health, 1(2), 82–107. https://doi.org/10.63095/NBSEH.25.886642